[1] 安装 httpd.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install httpd
# 删除默认欢迎页面
[root@linuxprobe ~]# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
[2] 配置httpd,将服务器名称替换为您自己的环境
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
# line 86: 改变管理员的邮箱地址
ServerAdmin root@linuxprobe.org
# line 95: 改变域名信息
ServerName www.linuxprobe.org:80
# line 151: none变成All
AllowOverride All
# line 164: 添加只能使用目录名称访问的文件名
DirectoryIndex index.html index.cgi index.php
# add follows to the end
# server's response header(安全性)
ServerTokens Prod
# keepalive is ON
KeepAlive On
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl start httpd
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl enable httpd
[3] 如果Firewalld正在运行,请允许HTTP服务。,HTTP使用80 / TCP
[root@linuxprobe ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent
success
[root@linuxprobe ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[4] 创建一个HTML测试页,并使用Web浏览器从客户端PC访问它。如果显示以下页面,是正确的
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/index.html
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Welcome access LinuxProbe.org,This is Test Page!
</div>
</body>
</html>
[1] 安装Perl.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install perl perl-CGI
[2] 默认情况下,在“/var/www/cgi-bin”目录下允许CGI。
可以使用Perl Scripts放在目录下。然而,它下面的所有文件都被处理为CGI。
# 下面的设置是CGI的设置
[root@linuxprobe ~]# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
247: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
[3] 如果你想允许在其他目录中的CGI,配置如下。
例如,在“/var/www/html/cgi-enabled”中允许。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cgi-enabled.conf
# create new
# processes .cgi and .pl as CGI scripts
<Directory "/var/www/html/cgi-enabled">
Options +ExecCGI
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl
</Directory>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[4] 如果SELinux被启用,并且允许CGI在不是像上面[3]的默认目录下,更改规则如下。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/linuxprobe/html/cgi-enabled
[root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled
[5] 创建一个CGI测试页面,并使用Web浏览器从客户端PC访问它。如果显示以下页面,说明配置正确。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.cgi
#!/usr/bin/perl
print "Content-type: text/html
";
print "<html>
<body>
";
print "<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
";
print "CGI Test Page";
print "
</div>
";
print "</body>
</html>
";
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 705 /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.cgi
[1] 安装PHP.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install php php-mbstring php-pear
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/php.ini
# line 878: 取消注释,设置时区
date.timezone = "Asia/Shanghai"
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[2] 创建一个PHP测试页面,并使用Web浏览器从客户端PC访问它。如果显示以下页面,它是确定。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/index.php
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
<?php
print Date("Y/m/d");
?>
</div>
</body>
</html>
[3] 创建phpinfo测试页,确认是都开启php支持
[root@linuxprobe ~]# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/phpinfo.php
[1] 安装Ruby.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install ruby
[2] 默认情况下,在“/var/www/cgi-bin”目录下允许CGI。
可以使用Perl Scripts放在目录下。然而,它下面的所有文件都被处理为CGI。
# 下面的设置是CGI的设置
[root@linuxprobe ~]# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
247: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
[3] 如果你想允许在其他目录中的CGI,配置如下。
例如,在“/var/www/html/cgi-enabled”中允许。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cgi-enabled.conf
# create new
# processes .rb as CGI scripts
<Directory "/var/www/html/cgi-enabled">
Options +ExecCGI
AddHandler cgi-script .rb
</Directory>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[4] 如果SELinux被启用,并且允许CGI在不是像上面[3]的默认目录下,更改规则如下。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled
[root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled
[5] Create a CGI test page and access to it from client PC with web browser. It's OK if following page is shown.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.rb
#!/usr/bin/ruby
print "Content-type: text/html
"
print "<html>
<body>
"
print "<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
"
print "Ruby Script Test Page"
print "
</div>
"
print "</body>
</html>
"
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 705 /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.rb
[1] 安装python.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install python
[2] 默认情况下,在“/var/www/cgi-bin”目录下允许CGI。
可以使用Perl Scripts放在目录下。然而,它下面的所有文件都被处理为CGI。
# 下面的设置是CGI的设置
[root@linuxprobe ~]# grep -n "^ *ScriptAlias" /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
247: ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"
[3] 如果你想允许在其他目录中的CGI,配置如下。
例如,在“/var/www/html/cgi-enabled”中允许。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/cgi-enabled.conf
# create new
# processes .py as CGI scripts
<Directory "/var/www/html/cgi-enabled">
Options +ExecCGI
AddHandler cgi-script .py
</Directory>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[4] 如果SELinux被启用,并且允许CGI在不是像上面[3]的默认目录下,更改规则如下。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled
[root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /var/www/html/cgi-enabled
[5] Create a CGI test page and access to it from client PC with web browser. It's OK if following page is shown.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.py
#!/usr/bin/env python
print "Content-type: text/html
"
print "<html>
<body>
"
print "<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
"
print "Python Script Test Page"
print "
</div>
"
print "</body>
</html>
"
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 705 /var/www/html/cgi-enabled/index.py
[1] 配置 httpd.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/userdir.conf
# line 17: comment out
#UserDir disabled
# line 24: uncomment
UserDir public_html
# line 31 - 35
<Directory "/home/*/public_html">
AllowOverride All
# change
Options None
# change
Require method GET POST OPTIONS
</Directory>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[2] 创建一个测试页,使用普通用户通过客户端PC与Web浏览器和访问它,如果显示以下页面,就是正确的
[cent@linuxprobe ~]$ mkdir public_html
[cent@linuxprobe ~]$ chmod 711 /home/cent
[cent@linuxprobe ~]$ chmod 755 /home/cent/public_html
[cent@linuxprobe ~]$ vi ./public_html/index.html
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
UserDir Test Page
</div>
</body>
</html>
浏览器访问:http://linuxprobe.org/~wang/,出现如下界面
[1] 配置虚拟主机
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf
# for original domain
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
ServerName www.linuxprobe.org
</VirtualHost>
# for virtual domain
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot /home/cent/public_html
ServerName www.virtual.host
ServerAdmin webmaster@virtual.host
ErrorLog logs/virtual.host-error_log
CustomLog logs/virtual.host-access_log combined
</VirtualHost>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[2]创建测试页并使用Web浏览器从客户端计算机访问它。如果显示以下页面,则是正确的:
[cent@linuxprobe ~]$ vi ~/public_html/virtual.php
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Virtual Host Test Page
</div>
</body>
</html>
[3]如果访问测试时看不到相应页面,可通过下面命令进行测试:
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install elinks^C
[root@linuxprobe ~]# elinks http://www.virtual.host/virtual.php
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/cert
cert.pem certs/
[root@linuxprobe ~]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/
[root@linuxprobe certs]# make server.key
umask 77 ;
/usr/bin/openssl genrsa -aes128 2048 > server.key
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
...............................................................+++
....................................................................................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase:
[root@linuxprobe certs]# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key
Enter pass phrase for server.key:
writing RSA key
[root@linuxprobe certs]# make server.csr
umask 77 ;
/usr/bin/openssl req -utf8 -new -key server.key -out server.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN #国家后缀
State or Province Name (full name) []:Shanghai #省
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:Shanghai #市
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:LinuxProbe #公司
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:DevOps #部门
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:linuxprobe.org #主机名
Email Address []:root@linuxprobe.org #邮箱
Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []: #默认
An optional company name []: #默认
#
[root@linuxprobe certs]# openssl x509 -in server.csr -out server.crt -req -signkey server.key -days 3650
Signature ok
subject=/C=CN/ST=Shanghai/L=Shanghai/O=LinuxProbe/OU=DevOps/CN=linuxprobe.org/emailAddress=root@linuxprobe.org
Getting Private key
[1] 配置SSL.
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum -y install mod_ssl
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf
# line 59: 取消注释
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
# line 60: 取消注释,定义域名
ServerName linuxprobe.org:443
# line 75: 改变SSLProtocol
SSLProtocol -All +TLSv1 +TLSv1.1 +TLSv1.2
# line 100: 改成刚刚创建的server.crt
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/server.crt
# line 107: 改成刚刚创建的server.key
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/server.key
[root@www ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[2] 如果Firewalld正在运行,请允许HTTPS服务。 HTTPS使用443 / TCP
[root@www ~]# firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent
success
[root@www ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
success
[3] 使用Web浏览器通过HTTPS从客户端计算机访问测试页。下面的示例是Fiorefix。显示以下屏幕,因为证书是自己创建的,但它没有ploblem,继续下一步。
[1]例如,在目录[/var/www/html/auth-basic]下设置基本身份验证设置。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/auth_basic.conf
# 创建新配置文件
<Directory /var/www/html/auth-basic>
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Basic Authentication"
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd
require valid-user
</Directory>
# 添加用户:使用“-c”创建新文件(仅为初始注册添加“-c”选项)
[root@linuxprobe ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd wang
New password: # set password
Re-type new password: # confirm
Adding password for user wang
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/auth-basic
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/auth-basic/index.html
# create a test page
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: wanger;">
Test Page for Basic Auth
</div>
</body>
</html>
[2] 使用Web浏览器从客户端计算机访问测试页。然后需要认证,如下所示作为设置,用在[1]中添加的用户回答
[3] 访问成功
[1] 创建证书,请参照上文所述。
[2] 例如,在[/var/www/html/auth-pam]目录下设置Basic Auth。
# install from EPEL
[root@linuxprobe ~]# yum --enablerepo=epel -y install mod_authnz_external pwauth
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/authnz_external.conf
# add to the end
<Directory /var/www/html/auth-pam>
SSLRequireSSL
AuthType Basic
AuthName "PAM Authentication"
AuthBasicProvider external
AuthExternal pwauth
require valid-user
</Directory>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /var/www/html/auth-pam
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /var/www/html/auth-pam/index.html
# create a test page
<html>
<body>
<div style="width: 100%; font-size: 40px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center;">
Test Page for PAM Auth
</div>
</body>
</html>
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[3] 在客户端上使用Web浏览器访问测试页面https://linuxprobe.org/auth-pam/,并与操作系统上的用户进行身份验证。
[1] 创建证书,请参照上文所述
[2] 例如,创建一个目录[webdav],它使得可以仅通过SSL连接到WebDAV目录。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# mkdir /home/webdav
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chown apache. /home/webdav
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chmod 770 /home/webdav
[root@linuxprobe ~]# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/webdav.conf
# create new
DavLockDB "/tmp/DavLock"
Alias /webdav /home/webdav
<Location /webdav>
DAV On
SSLRequireSSL
Options None
AuthType Basic
AuthName WebDAV
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd
<RequireAny>
Require method GET POST OPTIONS
Require valid-user
</RequireAny>
</Location>
# 添加用户:使用“-c”创建新文件(仅为初始注册添加“-c”选项)
[root@linuxprobe ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/httpd/conf/.htpasswd wang
New password: # set password
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user wang
# **注意:用户wang的htpasswd已经创建过,不需要重复创建**
[root@linuxprobe ~]# systemctl restart httpd
[3] 如果启用了SELinux,请更改以下规则。
[root@linuxprobe ~]# chcon -R -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /home/webdav
[root@linuxprobe ~]# semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /home/webdav
[4] 这是PC上的WebDAV客户端的设置(Windows 10)。
下载“CarotDAV”,这是一个免费的WebDAV客户端,从以下网站⇒ http://www.rei.to/carotdav_en.html ,下载后,安装并启动CarotDAV,然后显示以下屏幕,单击“文件”按钮并选择“WebDAV”。
[5]在“设置名称”字段中输入任何名称,并在“URI”字段中输入[服务器名称/ webdav目录],并输入用户名和密码
[7]配置添加如下,点击它连接到服务器。
[8] waring显示如下,它的SSL证书没有安装在您的电脑上,它没有ploblem,点击“忽略”,然后去下一步。
[9] 到webdav目录下创建测试目录和文件
[root@linuxprobe tmp]# cd /home/webdav/
[root@linuxprobe webdav]# mkdir linuxprobe
[root@linuxprobe webdav]# mkdir linuxcool
[root@linuxprobe webdav]# touch vdevops.txt
[root@linuxprobe webdav]# touch linuxcool.txt